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Nadir Özbek
Nadir Özbek, Professor
The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History
Bogaziçi University
34342 Bebek-Istanbul / Turkey
Ph.D., 2001, History Department, Binghamton University, New York-USA.
MA, 1994, History Department, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul-Turkey.
BS, 1991, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul-Turkey.
2002-2013: Asisstant Director, The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University.
2011-present: Professor, The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University.
2005-2011: Associate Professor, The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University.
2001-2005: Assistant Professor, The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University.
2004-present: Member, Editorial Board, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi,
2004-2006: Member, Editorial Board, New Perspectives on Turkey, an academic journal of social science and history
2001-2004: Coordinating Editor, New Perspectives on Turkey, an academic journal of social science and history.
2000-2001: Lecturer, Department of History, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA.
1996-2000: Teaching Assistant, Department of History, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA.
1994-1996: Research Assistant, The Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University
1993-1994: Coordinator, Information and Documentation Center, History Foundation,İstanbul-Turkey.
Books:
- [The Price of Empire: Taxation, Politics and Justice in the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1908]İmparatorluğun Bedeli: Osmanlı'da Vergi, Siyaset ve Toplumsal Adalet (1839-1908). İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2015.
- [The History of Social Policy in Republican Turkey] Cumhuriyet Türkiyesi'nde Sosyal Güvenlik ve Sosyal Politikalar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı / Emeklilik Gözetim Merkezi, 2006.
- [The Ottoman Welfare State: Politics, Power, and Legitimacy, 1876-1914] Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Sosyal Devlet, Siyaset,İktidar ve Meşruiyet, 1876-1914, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2002. (2ndedition 2004, 3rd edition 2008, 4th edition 2011, 5th edition 2014, 6th edition 2016)
Edited Books:
- (co edited with Noemi Levy and Alexandre Toumarkine) (Gendarmerie and Police: Comparative Perspectives from French and Ottoman Historiography) Jandarma ve Polis: Fransız ve Osmanlı Tarihçiliğine Çapraz Bakışlar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, 2009.
Articles in English:
- "Tax Farming in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire: Institutional Backwardness or the Emergence of Modern Public Finance?" Journal of Interdisciplinary History 49, no.2 (2018): 219-245. [SSCI]
- "The Politics of Taxation and the “Armenian Question” during the Late Ottoman Empire,1876–1908." Comparative Studies in Society and History 54, no. 4 (2012): 770-97.[SSCI]
- "'Beggars' and 'Vagrants' in State Policy and Public Discourse During the Late Ottoman Empire: 1876-1914." Middle Eastern Studies 45, no. 5 (2009): 783-801. [SSCI]
- "The Politics of Modern Welfare Institutions in the Late Ottoman Empire (1876-1909)."International Journal of Turcologia 3, no. 5 (2008): 42-62.
- "Policing the Countryside: Gendarmes of the Late-Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire (1876-1908)." International Journal of Middle East Studies 40, no. 1 (2008): 47-67. [SSCI]
- "Defining the Public Sphere during the Late Ottoman Empire: War, Mass Mobilization and the Young Turk Regime (1908-18)." Middle Eastern Studies 43, no. 5 (2007): 795-809. [SSCI]
- "Philanthropic Activity, Ottoman Patriotism and the Hamidian Regime, 1876-1909."International Journal of Middle East Studies 37, no. 1 (2005): 59-81. [SSCI]
- "Imperial Gifts and Sultanic Legitimation During the Reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II, 1876- 1909" In Poverty and Charity in the Middle Eastern Contexts, edited by Mine Ener, Amy Singer and Michael Bonner: State University of New York Press, New York, 2003.
- "From Asianism to Pan-Turkism: The Activities of Abdürreşid İbrahim in the Young TurkEra" in The Rising Sun and the Turkish Crescent-New Perspectives on the History of Japanese Turkish Relations, edited by Selçuk Esenbel & Inaba Chiharu: Boğaziçi University Press, 2003, İstanbul: 86-104.
- "The Bashkir Nationality Question and Zeki Velidi Togan in the Russian Revolution and the Civil War, 1917-1921," Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 11 (2002): 161-80.
- “The Politics of Poor Relief in the Late Ottoman Empire: 1876-1914,” New Perspectives on Turkey, n.21, Fall 1999, pp.1-33.
- with Donald Quataert "The Eregli-Zonguldak Coal Mines: A Catalogue of Archival Documents," Turkish Studies Association Bulletin, v.23, n.1, Spring 1999, pp.55-67. [A Turkish translation is in Tarih ve Toplum, v.31, n.181, January 1999, pp.11-18].
Articles in Turkish:
- ""İstisna Hali": "Devletsiz", "Abdülhamidsiz" Osmanlı-Türkiye Tarihi Yazmanın İmkânları." Toplumsal Tarih, no. 301 (2019): 46-53.
- "Osmanlı'dan Günümüze Darülaceze: Sosyal Politika Zihniyeti ve Kent Yoksulluğu'nun Değişen Niteliği." Toplumsal Tarih, no. 288 (2017): 50-61.
- "Tanzimat Devleti, Vergi Sistemi ve Toplumsal Adalet, 1839-1908." Toplumsal Tarih, no. 252 (2014): 24-30.
- "Osmanlı Taşrasında Denetim: Son Dönem Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Jandarma (1876- 1908)." In Tarihsel Perspektiften Türkiye'de Güvenlik Siyaseti, Ordu ve Devlet, edited by Evren Baltaand İsmet Akça, 47-78. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2010.
- "Abdülhamid Rejimi, Vergi Tahsildarlığı ve Siyaset, 1876-1908." Doğu Batı, no. 52 (2010): 159-97.
- "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Gelir Vergisi: 1903-1907 Tarihli Vergi-i Şahsi Uygulaması."Tarih ve Toplum Yeni Yaklaşımlar, no. 10 (2010): 43-80.
- ""Anadolu Islahatı," "Ermeni Sorunu" ve Vergi Tahsildarlığı, 1895-1908." Tarih ve ToplumYeni Yaklaşımlar, no. 9 (2009): 59-85.
- "İkinci Meşrutiyeti Hazırlayan Koşullar: Rumeli'de Vergi Tahsilatı ve Jandarma." Toplumsal Tarih, no.183(2009): 46-50.
- "Tarihyazıcılığında Güvenlik Kurum ve Pratiklerine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme." In Asayiş: Fransız ve Türk Tarihyazımına Çapraz Bakışlar, edited by Noemi Levy, Nadir Özbek and Alexandre Toumarkine, 1-19. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, 2009.
- "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Dilencilere Yönelik Devlet Politikaları ve Kamusal Söylemin Değişimi." In Bir Kent Sorunu Dilencilik: Sorunlar ve Çözüm Yolları, 17-44. İstanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Zabıta Daire Başkanlığı, 2009.
- "Refah Devletinin Krizi, Yeni Sosyal Politika Önerileri ve 'Temel Gelir' ÜzerineDüşünceler." Mesele Kitap Dergisi, no. 11 (2007): 43-46.
- "İmparatorluk Tartışmalarında Radikal Bir Açılım." Virgül, no. 101 (2006): 14-16.
- "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda 'Sosyal Yardım' Uygulamaları." In Tanzimat: Değişim Sürecinde Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, edited by Mehmet Seyitdanlıoğlu and Halil İnalcık, 401-23. Ankara:Phoenix Yayınevi, 2006. (previously published in Toplum ve Bilim, Kış 1999/2000, pp.111- 132)
- "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda İç Güvenlik, Siyaset ve Devlet, 1876-1909." TürklükAraştırmaları Dergisi, no. 16 (2004): 59-95.
- "Modernite, Tarih ve İdeoloji: İkinci Abdülhamid Dönemi Tarihçiliği Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme." Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi, no. 3 (2004): 71-90.
- "Alternatif Tarih Tahayyülleri: Siyaset, İdeoloji ve Osmanlı-Türkiye Tarihi." Toplum ve Bilim, no. 98 (2003): 234-54.
- "Kemalist Rejim ve Popülizmin Sınırları: Büyük Buhran ve Buğday Alım Politikaları, 1932- 1937", Toplum ve Bilim, n.96 (Bahar 2003)
- “Osmanlı'dan Günümüze Türkiye'de Sosyal Devlet," Toplum ve Bilim, n.92 (Bahar 2002): 7- 33.
- "İkinci Meşrutiyet İstanbul'unda Tatar İslamcıları," Müteferrika, no.21, Yaz 2002, pp.45-67.
- "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda 'Sosyal Yardım' Uygulamaları, 1839-1918," Toplum ve Bilim, Kış1999/2000, pp.111-132.
- [Donald Quataert'a birikte]"Ereğli Kömür Madenleri," Tarih ve Toplum, v.31, n.181, Ocak 1999, pp.11-18
- “Vakıf Tarihi Çalışmaları Üzerine Notlar,” Tarih ve Toplum, v.32, n.187, July 1999, pp.60-62. -
“İkinci Meşrutiyet İstanbul’unda Serseriler ve Dilenciler,” Toplumsal Tarih, v.11, n.64, April 1999, pp.34-43.
- “İkinci Abdülhamid ve Kimsesiz Çocuklar: Darülhayr-i Ali,” Tarih ve Toplum, v.31, n.182, February 1999, pp.11-20.
- “Abdürreşid İbrahim,” Yaşamları ve Yapıtlarıyla Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi, Yapı Kredi Yayınları,1999, pp. 74-75.
- “Köylü Aşar Yükünden Kurtuldu,” Cumhuriyetin 57 Yılı, cilt 1, 1923-1953, Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, 1998, p.46.
- “Doksan Yıllık Bir Hayır Kurumu: Topkapı Fukaraperver Cemiyeti,” Tarih ve Toplum, v.30, n.180, Aralık 1998, pp.4-10.
- "Zeki Velidi Togan ve 'Türk Tarih Tezi'," Toplumsal Tarih, v.8, n.45, Eylül 1997, pp.15-23. - "Zeki Velidi Togan ve Milliyetler Sorunu: Küçük Baskurdistan'dan Büyük Türkistan'a," Toplumsal Tarih, v.8, n.44, August 1997, pp.15-23.
- “Rus Dış Politikasında Yeni Yönelimler ve Türk Cumhuriyetleri", Avrasya Dosyası, v.3, n.4, Kış 1996, pp.7-26.
- "Abdürreşid İbrahim ve İkinci Meşrutiyet Yılları: Tearüf-i Müslimin ve İslam Dünyası Dergileri", Toplumsal Tarih, v.4, n.20, August 1995, pp.18-23.
- "Abdürreşid İbrahim: İslamcı Bir Eylem Adamı," Toplumsal Tarih, v.4, n.19, July 1995, pp.7-12.
- “Hayat Tarih Mecmuası,” Tarih ve Toplum, n.103, July 1991, pp.53-56.
- “The Criminalization of Poverty in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876-1914,” Outcasts in theLate Ottoman Empire, The Oriental Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 4-5 December 2017, Prague, Czech Republic.
- “History of Social Policy in Turkey,” How Social is Turkey? Turkey’s Social SecuritySystem in a European Context, Institute for World Society Studies, Bielefeld University, May 18-19 2017, Bielefeld, Germany.
- “Taxation and Rule in the Ottoman Empire: A Comparative Perspective on 19th centuryFiscal Policy.” The Middle East Un/Rebound: Crisis, Responses and Recovery over the Long Duree (1100-1200), Queen’s University Department of History, April 28, 2017. Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
- “Privatized Revenue Collection and the Making of a Modern Centralized Public FinanceSystem: The Case of Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire (1839-1908)”, Workshop on Ottoman Public Finance and Taxation in the “Long” 19th Century, A Comparative Perspective, Boğaziçi University, April 1-2, 2016, Istanbul, Turkey.
- “Capitalism Unleashed? Social Policy and Hate of Rich in the 1960s,” Turkey in the 1960s: Social Change and Political Radicalization, Hamburg University Turkish Studies Department, June 26-28, 2014, Hamburg, Germany.
- “Jön Türk Devrimini Hazırlayan Koşullar: Rumeli’de Vergi Tahsilatı ve Asakir-i Zabtiye,” Meşrutiyet’in 100. Yıldönümü ve Makedonya, Makedonya Bilimler ve Sanatlar Akademisi,17-21 Aralık 2008, Üsküp, Makedonya.
- “Internal Security and the Ottoman Provincial Police Organization (1876-1908),”International Conference on New Approaches to the Nineteenth Century Middle East andBalkans,” January 12-13, 2007, Chiba University, Tokyo, Japan.
- “The Peasants and the Ottoman Gendarmerie: Dispute Resolution in the Rural Context, 1876-1909,” 10th International Congress of Economic and Social History of Turkey, September 28-October 1 2005, Venice-Italy.
- “Governing the Countryside: Gendarmerie in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire,”Social Politics in the Middle East: A Symposium in Honor of the Late Historian, Mine Ener, The Middle East Center-University of Pennsylvania, 9-1 April 2004.
- “Defining the Public Sphere in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876-1918,” Central EurasianStudies Society Fourth Annual Conference, October 2-5, 2003, Cambridge-Massachusetts, USA.
- Comments on the paper "Limits to Globalization: Welfare States and the World Economy" presented by Stephan Leibfried (University of Bremen, Germany) in "Workshop on Economic Reform, New Politics and Social Justice", June 6-7 2003, Bogaziçi University, Istanbul-Turkey, 6-7 June 2003
- "Governing the 'new poverty': Restructuring the Welfare System in Turkey" paper presented at the workshop on "The Socio-economic Dimensions of Poverty in West Asia and North Africa", Middle East Awards for Population and Social Science (MEWARDS), Rabat-Morocco, 13-15 May 2003.
- Voluntary Initiative, Philanthropic Publics, and the Hamidian Regime, 1876-1908”,Crossing Borders: Revitalizing Area Studies. International Institute-University of Michigan, Cultural Politics Workshop, İstanbul, Turkey, May 27-June 1, 2001.
- Ottoman Labor History Workshop at Kevorkian Center of NYU, New York-USA, 24 March 2001.
- “The Politics of Pediatrics: The Imperial Hospital for Children, 1899-1909”, Middle EastStudies Association, 2000 Annual Meeting, November 16-19 2000, Orlando, FL-USA
- “Imperial Gifts and Sultanic Legitimation During the Reign of Sultan Abdülhamid II, 1876-1909”, Poverty and Philanthropy, University of Michigan, 4-7 May 2000, Ann Arbor, MI- USA.
- “The State and the Poor: Beggars and Vagrants in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876-1914”,Middle East Studies Association, 1999 Annual Meeting, November 20-22 1999, Washington, D.C-USA.
- “From Pan-Turkism to Asianism: The Activities of Abdurresid Ibrahim in the Young TurkPeriod”, Bogazici University Symposium on the History of Japanese-Turkish Relations, October 7-9, 1998, İstanbul/Turkey.
RESEARCH PROJECTS
- 2017-2018: Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e Siyasal Zihniyet ve Yoksulluk Algısı: Darülaceze Örneği
Destekleyen Kurum: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri.
Proje no :1267
Proje Ürünleri:
Özbek, Nadir. "Osmanlı'dan Günümüze Darülaceze: Sosyal Politika Zihniyeti ve Kent Yoksulluğu'nun Değişen Niteliği." Toplumsal Tarih, no. 288 (2017): 50-61.
Destekleyen Kurum: TÜBİTAK, Proje No: 113K142
Proje Ürünleri:
- İmparatorluğun Bedeli: Osmanlı'da Vergi, Siyaset ve Toplumsal Adalet (1839-1908).İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2015.
- "Tanzimat Devleti, Vergi Sistemi ve Toplumsal Adalet, 1839-1908." Toplumsal Tarih, no. 252 (2014): 24-30.
- 2011-2013: Son Dönem Osmanli Imparatorluğu'nda Maliye, Idare ve Sosyo-Politik Yapi (1876-1908)
Destekleyen Kurum: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri.
Proje Ürünleri:
"The Politics of Taxation and the “Armenian Question” during the Late Ottoman Empire,1876–1908." Comparative Studies in Society and History 54, no. 4 (2012): 770-97.
- 2009: Tanzimat Devleti, Vergi Tahsilatı ve Siyaset (1839-1908)
Destekleyen Kurum: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri.
Proje Ürünleri:
- "Abdülhamid Rejimi, Vergi Tahsildarlığı ve Siyaset, 1876-1908." Doğu Batı, no. 52 (2010): 159-97.
- "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Gelir Vergisi: 1903-1907 Tarihli Vergi-i Şahsi Uygulaması."Tarih ve Toplum Yeni Yaklaşımlar, no. 10 (2010): 43-80.
- ""Anadolu Islahatı," "Ermeni Sorunu" ve Vergi Tahsildarlığı, 1895-1908." Tarih ve ToplumYeni Yaklaşımlar, no. 9 (2009): 59-85.
- 2005: Cumhuriyet Türkiye’sinde Sosyal Güvenlik ve Sosyal Politikalar.
Destekleyen Kurum: Türkiye Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı; Emeklilik Gözetim Merkezi.Proje Ürünü: Cumhuriyet Türkiyesi'nde Sosyal Güvenlik ve Sosyal Politikalar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı /Emeklilik Gözetim Merkezi, 2006.
- 2005-2006: Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Türkiye’de Suç ve Suçun Toplumsal Algılanışında Değişim.
Destekleyen Kurum: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri
Proje Ürünü: "Policing the Countryside: Gendarmes of the Late-Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire (1876-1908)." International Journal of Middle East Studies 40, no. 1 (2008): 47-67.
- 2003-2004: Son Dönem Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Kır, Güvenlik ve Modern Devletin Oluşumu, 1839-1918.
Destekleyen Kurum: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri
Proje Ürünü: Ulusual Makale: "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda İç Güvenlik, Siyaset ve Devlet,1876-1909." Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 16 (2004): 59-95.
- 2001-2002: Son Dönem Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Yoksulluk, Gönüllü YardımFaaliyetleri ve Kamusal Alan, 1876-1908.
Destekleyen Kurum: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri
Proje Ürünü: Ulusal Kitap: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Sosyal Devlet, Siyaset,İktidar ve Meşruiyet, 1876-1914, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2002. (2. baskı 2004)
- “2014 Boğaziçi University Foundation (BÜVAK) Awards for Outstanding Success inResearch.”
- “2005 Yılı Öğretimde Üstün Başarı Ödülü”, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi.
- American Research Institute in Turkey Research Fellowship, 2003-2004: “Policing theCountryside: The Gendarmerie in the 19th Century Ottoman Empire.”
- Awards for the European and American Young Scholars' Summer Institute 2001/2002: Public Spheres and Muslim Identities
Berlin (Germany), July 15, 2001 to July 28, 2001 and
Dartmouth College (USA), August 4, 2002 to August 17, 2002.
Sponsored by The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation/ the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, the Social Science Research Council (New York) and the institutes for advanced studies in Princeton (USA), Research Triangle Park (USA), Stanford (USA), Uppsala (S), and Wassenaar (NL).
- The Graduate Student Award for Excellence in Research, Binghamton University-State University of New York, 2000.
- The Graduate School- Binghamton University, Dissertation Year Fellowship, 1999-2000. - History Department-Binghamton University, Dissertation Year Fellowship, 1998-1999.
- History Department-Binghamton University, Teaching Assistantships, 1996-1998
COURSES TAUGHT AT BOĞAZİÇİ UNIVERSITY:
Graduate Seminars:
ATA 59C: Rethinking State Theory (Fall 2018)
ATA 590: Social Welfare and Politics in Turkish History (Spring 2017)
ATA 501: State Formation, Anthropological Perspectives: The Late Ottoman Empire (Fall 2009, Fall 2008)
ATA 501: History, Modernity, Ideology: Critical Perspectives on History Writing in Turkey
(Spring 2008)
ATA 581: Selected Topics in Social Theory and History: Crime, Justice and the Institutions of Coercion in Modern Society (Fall 2007)
ATA 599: Topics in Modern European History: Crisis of Modernity, Fascism, and Revolutionary Ideologies in Bourgeois Europe (Spring 2007)
ATA 501: Methods and Approaches in Turkish History (Spring 2006)
ATA 581: Theories of Empire and Imperialism after the “Imperial Turn” (Fall 2005, Fall 2006)
ATA 594: State and Society in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire (Spring 2005)
ATA 594: The Politics of Taxation (Spring 2009, Fall 2010)
ATA 684: Sources and Methods in Ottoman History (Spring, 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2009, Spring 2007, Spring 2005, Spring 2004)
ATA 661: Topics on the Late Ottoman Era (Fall 2004, Fall 2006)
ATA 581: Power and Rule in Modern Society (Spring 2004)
ATA 681: Topics in the Economic and Social History of the Late Ottoman Era (Fall 2003)
ATA 507: Historiography (Fall 2003, Fall 2002)
ATA 612: Reading in State Theory and History (Spring 2003)
ATA 612: Readings in Theory and History: Civil Society and Public Spheres, (Spring 2002)
ATA 611: Social Welfare and Politics in History (Fall 2001)
Undergraduate Courses:
HIST 415: Seminar in Ottoman History-I/State and Society in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876-1909 (Fall 2002, Fall 2001)
HIST 416: Seminar in Ottoman History-II/Social History of the Second Constitutional Period, 1908-1918 (Spring 2003, Spring 2002)
GIAH 106: World History (Spring 2005, Spring 2004)
HTR 311: History of Turkish Republic I (Summer 2010, Summer 2009, Summer 2008, Summer 2007, Summer 2006, Summer 2005, Summer 2004, Summer 2003, Summer 2002)
HTR 312: History of Turkish Republic II (Summer 2010, Summer 2009, Summer 2008, Summer 2007, Summer 2006, Summer 2005) COURSES
TAUGHT AT KOÇ UNIVERSITY:
HIST 215: History of Modern Europe (Spring 2011, Fall 2010, Summer 2010, Spring 2009, Summer 2009)
HIST 401: Contemporary World History, 1900-1939 (Summer 2008)HIST 216: History of Modern Middle East (Spring 2011)
COURSES TAUGHT AT BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY:
HIST 121: The Middle East Since 1453 (Spring 2001)
HIST 275: The Twentieth Century Middle East (Fall 2000)
